Anak dan Istri Kelak Akan Menjadi Musuh

Sore ini tetiba tersentak aneh ketika sedang membaca Al-Quran mulai estafet dari surat al munafiqun sampai ke surat at-taghaabun…

Apa yang aneh?

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تُلْهِكُمْ أَمْوَالُكُمْ وَلَا أَوْلَادُكُمْ عَنْ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ وَمَنْ يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْخَاسِرُونَ

Hai orang-orang beriman, janganlah hartamu dan anak-anakmu melalaikan kamu dari mengingat Allah. Barangsiapa yang berbuat demikian maka mereka itulah orang-orang yang merugi.

[Surat Al-Munafiqun (63) ayat 9]

lalu di surat At-Taghaabun terhenti sejenak oleh ayat ini…

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِكُمْ وَأَوْلَادِكُمْ عَدُوًّا لَكُمْ فَاحْذَرُوهُمْ وَإِنْ تَعْفُوا وَتَصْفَحُوا وَتَغْفِرُوا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ

Hai orang-orang mukmin, sesungguhnya di antara isteri-isterimu dan anak-anakmu ada yang menjadi musuh bagimu maka berhati-hatilah kamu terhadap mereka dan jika kamu memaafkan dan tidak memarahi serta mengampuni (mereka) maka sesungguhnya Allah Maha Pengampun lagi Maha Penyayang.

[Surat At-Taghabun (64) ayat 14]

sempat terhenti sejenak kala itu memikirkan arti bahasa indonesia nya secara cepat, dan sampai-sampai menyempatkan membuka tafsir yang kebetulan saya punya tafsir ibnu katsir terjemahan satu satu nya yang membahas surat di juz 28-30 dan googling cari versi virtualnya.

awal nya hanya penasaran dan timbul rasa khawatir karena bagaimana mungkin dua titel manusia (istri dan anak) yang secara default adalah dicintai berakhir menjadi seorang musuh?!

Pembahasan ini bukan perkara baru dan bukan pula sesuatu yang asing didengar, tapi saat itu ada perasaan takut yang berlebihan yang mendorong aku mencari penjelasan lebih…

Untuk surat At-Taghabbun…

يقول تعالى مخبرا عن الأزواج والأولاد : إن منهم من هو عدو الزوج والوالد ، بمعنى : أنه يلتهى به عن العمل الصالح ، كقوله : ( يا أيها الذين آمنوا لا تلهكم أموالكم ولا أولادكم عن ذكر الله ومن يفعل ذلك فأولئك هم الخاسرون ) [ . : 9 ] ; ولهذا قال ها هنا : ( فاحذروهم ) قال ابن زيد : يعني على دينكم .

Diantara mereka ada yang menjadi musuh suami dan ayah. istri dan anak kelak akan menjadikan seseorang lalai dari beramal shaleh…

Maka di ayat lain Allah berfirman  ( فاحذروهم )

“Maka berhati-hati lah kamu terhadap mereka” berkata Ibnu Zaid: Maksudnya berhati-hati terhadap Agama Kalian”

وقال مجاهد : ( إن من أزواجكم وأولادكم عدوا لكم ) قال : يحمل الرجل على قطيعة الرحم أو معصية ربه ، فلا يستطيع الرجل مع حبه إلا أن يطيعه .

Mujahid berkata: seorang laki laki dapat masuk pada pemutusan tali keluarga dan juga bisa durhaka terhadap Rabb-Nya dan seorang laki laki tidak mampu berbuat apa-apa karena hatinya itu sudah dikuasai rasa cinta kepada seseorang dan menuruti semua yang diinginkannya (yang dicintai nya itu)

Juga disurat yang sama namun diayat yang lain Allah berfirman

إِنَّمَا أَمْوَالُكُمْ وَأَوْلَادُكُمْ فِتْنَةٌ وَاللَّهُ عِنْدَهُ أَجْرٌ عَظِيمٌ

Sesungguhnya hartamu dan anak-anakmu hanyalah cobaan (bagimu), dan di sisi Allah-lah pahala yang besar.

[Surat At-Taghabun (64) ayat 15]

وقوله : ( إنما أموالكم وأولادكم فتنة والله عنده أجر عظيم ) يقول تعالى : إنما الأموال والأولاد فتنة ، أي : اختبار وابتلاء من الله لخلقه . ليعلم من يطيعه ممن يعصيه .

Maksudnya, memang harta dan anak itu kelak akan menjadi bahan ujian dan cobaan dari Allah ta’ala bagi makhluknya agar Allah mengetahui siapakah hamba-hamba Nya yang taat dan yang durhaka kepada-Nya

That’s right… rasa khawatir itu ada, setiap level kehidupan pasti ada cobaan nya, dan setiap fasa kehidupan akan bertambah kadar ujian nya. sebagaimana Allah telah mengingatkan kita kembali di surat yang tidak jauh sebelum 2 surat ini….

أَحَسِبَ النَّاسُ أَنْ يُتْرَكُوا أَنْ يَقُولُوا آمَنَّا وَهُمْ لَا يُفْتَنُونَ

Apakah manusia itu mengira bahwa mereka dibiarkan (saja) mengatakan: “Kami telah beriman”, sedang mereka tidak diuji lagi?

[Surat Al-‘Ankabut (29) ayat 2]

Maka jawabnnya.. Tentu Tidak

Lalu bersiap-siaplah, dan semoga kelak kita semua akan berjumpa dan beristirahat di Syurga kelak.

Senja Menjelang Maghrib, 17.40
Bandung

 

Iblees was a Jinn or an Angel ? Is there any contradiction ?

Bismillah,

Actually, this topic is very interesting to me. However, it is really confusing ones who know it at first. Essentially, if the ones believes that in the Al-Quran is no contradiction inside, then it is totally enough to check our minds because it could be error or mistaken understanding therein.

Because, Allah azza wa jalla had said:

أَفَلاَ يَتَدَبَّرُونَ الْقُرْءَانَ وَلَوْ كَانَ مِنْ عِندِ غَيْرِ اللهِ لَوَجَدُوا فِيهِ اخْتِلاَفاً كَثِيرًا

“Do they not then consider the Qur’an carefully? Had it been from other than Allah, they would surely have found therein much contradictions.”[1]

Islam is a pure religion brought by the Prophet Muhammad shalallahu ‘alaihi wassalam. However, Islam will be constantly preserved by Allah azza wa jalla from everything that can spoil it.

Allah azza wa jalla had said in surah Al-Hijr: 9

إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا الذِّكْرَ وَإِنَّا لَهُ لَحَافِظُونَ

“Indeed, it is we who sent down the Qur’an and indeed, we will be its guardian” [2]

To uncover fallacy in understanding related to this issue, we must correctly know and deeply understand two opinions which seems to contradict each other.

Opinion 1: which say that Iblees was an angel

They was using surah Al-Baqaroh verse 34 to sustain their opinion.

وَإِذْ قُلْنَا لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ اسْجُدُوا لِآَدَمَ فَسَجَدُوا إِلَّا إِبْلِيسَ أَبَى وَاسْتَكْبَرَ وَكَانَ مِنَ الْكَافِرِينَ

“And [mention] when we said to the angels, “Prostrate before Adam”; so they prostrated, except for Iblees. He refused and was arrogant and became of the disbelievers.”[3]

Opinion 2: which say that Iblees was a Jinn

Otherwise, they was using surah Al-Kahfi verse 50 to sustain their opinion.

وَإِذْ قُلْنَا لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ اسْجُدُوا لِآَدَمَ فَسَجَدُوا إِلَّا إِبْلِيسَ كَانَ مِنَ الْجِنِّ فَفَسَقَ عَنْ أَمْرِ رَبِّهِ

“And [mention] when we said to the angels, “Prostrate to Adam,” and they prostrated, except for Iblees. He was of the jinn and departed from the command of his Lord” [4]

There are a dilemma and confusing matters due to the textual meaning of those verse show a contradiction therein. The confusion is around two question.

Firstly, If Iblees is an angel, then how it is he disobeyed Allah, when angels have no will of their own and follow only Allah’s command. Secondly, if he is really a jinn, then it would better explain his disobedience as then he actually had the choice to obey or disobey Allah. It is so flurried to think.[5]

Walhamdulillah, in my point of view, these are no contradiction but indeed two Qur’anic verse above was corroborating each other. I am really irradiated by third opinion than clearly explain as if it concatenated two quarrel statements above. Third opinion that I mean as follow:

البغوي في تفسيره (1/81):

((واختلفوا فيه فقال ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما وأكثر المفسرين : كان إبليس من الملائكة وقال الحسن : كان من الجن ولم يكن من الملائكة لقوله تعالى { إلا إبليس كان من الجن ففسق عن أمر ربه } ( 50 – الكهف ) فهو أصل الجن كما أن آدم أصل الإنس ولأنه خلق من النار والملائكة خلقوا من النور ولأن له ذرية ولا ذرية للملائكة والأول أصح لأن خطاب السجود كان مع الملائكة وقوله { كان من الجن } أي من الملائكة الذين هم خزنة الجنة وقال سعيد بن جبير : من الذين يعملون في الجنة وقال : قوم من الملائكة الذين يصوغون حلي أهل الجنة وقيل : إن فرقة من الملائكة خلقوا من النار سموا جنا لاستتارهم عن الأعين وإبليس كان منهم والدليل عليه قوله تعالى { وجعلوا بينه وبين الجنة نسبا } ( 158 – الاصافات ) وهو قولهم : الملائكة / بنات الله ولما أخرجه الله من الملائكة جعل له ذرية))

[6] They (many scholars) differ in this matter. Ibnu Abbas radhiyallahu ‘anhuma and most of exegetes said: Verily, Iblees comes from angel. But Hasan said: Formerly, Iblees was a Jinn, He was not an angel at all. As Allah azza wa jalla mentioned [except for Iblees. He was of the jinn and departed from the command of his Lord]. To response this different, so we say, the origin of Iblees was a Jinn as the origin of Adam was a human. However, because of that, Iblees was created from fire and Angel was created from light. Ibless has offspring and Angel doesn’t.

So, the first opinion was true (who said Iblees was an angel) due to command to prostate Adam had been specialized for Angel, whereas the meaning of [He was of the jinn] is He was of the Angel. He (Angel) is with treasury of Heaven (means, its inhabitant and so on, because in advance Iblees was in Heaven). It was said that indeed there is a group of Angel which created from fire, it was named Jinn and Iblees was part of them.

To support this argument, there is a Qur’anic verses indicate this exegesis.

Allah azza wa jalla said in surah Ash-Shafaat verse 158

وَجَعَلُوا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْجِنَّةِ نَسَبًا ۚ وَلَقَدْ عَلِمَتِ الْجِنَّةُ إِنَّهُمْ لَمُحْضَرُونَ

And they have claimed between Him and the jinn a lineage, but the jinn have already known that they [who made such claims] will be brought to [punishment] [7]

This verse explain that they (idolaters) say Angel as child of God and when Allah azza wa jalla expel him -Jinn- (it is part of Angel) then Allah made him have an offspring.
To support exegesis of tafseer in this verse, we can look at tafseer Ibn Katsir.

Mujahid had commented related this verse that formerly idolators said that Angel was a daughters of Allah. Then Abu Bakar radhiyallahu anhu commented, “so, who is the mother of them? They (idolators) answered, girls from respectable Jinn“. [But the jinn have already known that they [who made such claims] will be brought to [punishment]], it means Jinn who ascribed as mother of Angel have already known that they [who made such claims] will be brought to [punishment] due to their (idolators) claim and falsehood regarding Angel was a daughters of Allah azza wa jalla. Nasalullaha salamatan wal afiyah

In conclusion, term الْجِنَّةُ refers to Angel as mentioned in that tafseer, so it is clearly explain us that actually it is no contradiction on those verses. Even it is corroborating each other. Wallahu a’alamu.

Alhamdulillahilladzi bi ni’matihi tatimmush sholihaat, wa shallallahu ‘ala nabiyyina Muhammad wa ‘ala alihi wa shohbihi wa sallam.

 

References :

[1 ] Surah An-Nisa verse 82.
[2 ] http://quran.com/15
[3 ] http://quran.com/2/34
[4 ] http://quran.com/18/50
[5 ] http://islamqa.info/en/8976
[6 ] البغوي في تفسيره (1/81)
[7 ] http://quran.com/37/158
[8 ] I freely translate to juxtapose the meaning of this tafseer
[9 ] Taisiru al-Aliyyul Qadir li Ikhtishari Tafsir Ibn Katsir, Muhammad Nasib Ar-Rifai. Chapter 4. Pg 51-52. Gema Insani Press.

Reviewed by:  Ismail Kamdar (Tutorial Assistant Tafseer 101)

Diselesaikan di Depok
Kamis, 11 Syawwal 1435H / 7 Agustus 2014
Deni Setiawan

-Yang berharap ampunan dan ridha dari-Nya-